Movement Disorders
This classification highlights the differences between neurodegenerative disorders, which involve progressive degeneration of neurons, and non-neurodegenerative disorders, which may result from various causes and may not lead to progressive neuronal loss.
| Type | Movement Disorder | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Neurodegenerative | Parkinson’s Disease | A progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. |
| Huntington’s Disease | A genetic neurodegenerative disorder that leads to the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain. | |
| Non-Neurodegenerative | Essential Tremor | A common movement disorder that causes rhythmic shaking, primarily in the hands but can also affect the head, voice, and other parts of the body. |
| Dystonia | A movement disorder characterized by sustained muscle contractions, abnormal postures, or twisting movements. | |
| Tourette Syndrome | A neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics. | |
| Ataxia | A group of disorders that affect coordination and balance, often resulting from damage to the cerebellum. | |
| Myoclonus | A sudden, brief, and involuntary muscle jerk or spasm. | |
| Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) | A condition characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs, often accompanied by uncomfortable sensations. | |
| Cerebral Palsy | A group of disorders that affect movement and muscle tone, often caused by brain damage during early development. |